Traffic noise - national prevention
Rational planning
Traffic noise sources are different from industrial enterprises, construction and other noise sources. It is generally difficult to solve the pollution problem through noise control means ( such as deadlines, suspension of production and shutdown ) , but mainly through reasonable planning for early prevention, this is the fundamental measure. Once traffic noise pollution has been formed, the difficulty of governance is very large, sometimes even completely unconditional. To this end, the first principle to be followed in ground traffic noise pollution control is to “ adhere to the principle of prevention and rationally plan the layout of ground transportation facilities and adjacent buildings †.
Hierarchical control
The prevention and control of ground traffic noise pollution must be based on the characteristics of physical pollution such as noise, starting from the three aspects of “ source †, “ pathway †and “ receptor †. For noise source control, measures that can be taken include reducing vehicle noise ( increasing design and manufacturing levels, enhancing operational maintenance ) , and using low-noise construction structures and forms for ground transportation facilities. For noise reduction in the sound path, measures such as sound barriers and green belts can be adopted. For the protection of sensitive buildings , active protection measures such as building sound insulation design, traffic management measures ( limited line, speed limit, banned sound ) may be adopted, and passive protection means for installing necessary sound insulation doors and windows to provide necessary protection for indoor acoustic environment may also be adopted. .
Active noise control
The control of ground traffic noise pollution is the same as the control of other pollutions. It must follow the principle of “ combination of prevention and control †and adopt a proactive attitude to control the generation of noise ( noise source ) and emissions ( transmission path ) to create a good The outdoor acoustic environment is the fundamental requirement for environmental protection. Therefore, the proposed third principle ground traffic noise pollution control "under the technical and economic feasibility conditions, give high priority to engineering and technical measures on noise sources and sound transmission pathways, the implementation of Active Noise Control."
Protection of noise sensitive buildings
The ultimate goal of ground traffic noise pollution control is to protect the quality of the acoustic environment in which people live, work and learn. The focus is on the protection of “ noise-sensitive buildings †as defined in the Noise Law , such as hospitals, schools, institutions, and scientific research. Units, houses, etc. The fourth principle of ground traffic noise pollution control proposed for this purpose is “ to adhere to the people-oriented principle and focus on the protection of noise-sensitive buildings †.
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