This article is based on the report of Tianfuli Yijia “The 11th Symposium on Competitiveness Enhancement of Animal Husbandry Feed Enterprisesâ€. The reporter is Mr. Ye Yulong, Deputy General Manager of Sichuan Ailimei Company.
First, to re-recognize the purpose of using the acidity of the feed system
Formulators have different understandings of the purpose of using acidifiers:
1. Reduce the acidity of the feed. (Mainstream)
2, reduce the pH of the gastrointestinal tract, play a bacteriostatic effect. (In the antibiotic-restricted environment, it is gradually being valued)
3, reduce the acidity of the feed system, while reducing the pH of the gastrointestinal tract, play a bacteriostatic effect.
4. The acidifier is made from the raw material in the form of organic acid salt to reduce the damage to nutrients.
5. Improve palatability and reduce stress.
6. The acidifying agent does not have the acidification and bacteriostatic function of the gastrointestinal tract, and even has a negative effect on diarrhea and production performance in some formulations. (This view is ignored by many small and medium-sized enterprises)
Regardless of the purpose of use, it is always possible to break away from the two most fundamental functions of acidifier: acidification + bacteriostatic, but how to express its efficacy is the key.
Second, the current composition of the market for acidifiers
Through the analysis and analysis of 150 samples from 25 acidifier manufacturers in the market, three characteristics were found:
1, most of them are easily dissociated: lactic acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid compounded, malic acid, fumaric acid content is extremely low.
2. It is claimed that the product has no phosphoric acid and the lactic acid content is very high. As a result, the true composition and content of the product differ greatly from the labeling content.
3. A few companies use difficult-to-dissociate acid and short- and medium-chain fatty acids as acidifiers.
Conclusion 1:
The current marketed acidifier formulations are not much different from 10 years ago.
Mainly based on lactic acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid, its function is still focused on reducing the acidity of the feed.
Third, the main factors affecting the acidity of the system and the current structural characteristics of the formula
By measuring the acidity of typical feeds commonly found in piglets and simulating the acid buffer capacity of conventional feed formulations, it is not difficult to find that the main factor affecting the acidity of a feed formula is (%), as follows:
1. Energy feed: about 12-15%.
2. Protein feed: about 48-52%. Choosing high-digestibility protein raw materials or fermented soybean meal, lowering CP levels, and supplementing amino acids can significantly reduce the acidity of the feed system.
3. Mineral raw materials: about 35-40%.
Calcium hydrogen phosphate: about 1-2%. ——The use of phytase can slightly reduce the acidity of the feed.
Stone powder: about 25-30%. - Lowering the Ca level in the formula or using an organic calcium source can significantly reduce the acidity of the feed.
ZnO: about 10-13%. environment with limited antibiotics, is it used or not? How to use it?
　　 Conclusion Two
The current structural characteristics of the formula are quite different from those of 10 years ago, and the requirements for reducing the acidity of the feed system are naturally very different. The conclusion of the analysis of the formula of the commercially available acidifier was found that most of the acidifying agent formulations currently on the market are no longer suitable for most of the current structural features of the formulation. Therefore, the correct application of feed acidifiers, the focus is to combine the structural characteristics of feed formulations for targeted selection. In fact, it is to solve the buffer relationship between stone powder, ZnO and acidifier. The most important of these is to solve the contradiction (buffering) with ZnO.
4. Simulating feed quenching and tempering granulation test to investigate the buffering phenomenon of ZnO and different acids.
Test method: acidifier / ZnO = 1:1, simulated steam steam 2-3%), to investigate which acidifier components will have a significant buffer effect on ZnO?
　 Conclusion Three
The most obvious acid components for ZnO buffering are formic acid, phosphoric acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid; lactic acid and benzoic acid do not react at all.
　 Conclusion Four
According to the current structural characteristics of the piglets, the acidification agent should not only consider the acidification of the feed, but more importantly, how to avoid or slow down the buffering of ZnO and allow as much ZnO as possible to reach the small intestine. At the same time, the acidification and bacteriostatic action of the acidifier on the gastrointestinal tract is considered. It is recommended to use difficult to dissociate powder acid, coated acid or coated ZnO.
Conclusion Five
The coating acidifying agent should be well packaged, not melted after the granulation (package), and soluble in the gastrointestinal tract. When choosing a coating acidifier, pay special attention to:
1. The coating acid must be able to withstand the quenching and ;
2, the composition of the complex acid must be difficult to react with ZnO; otherwise, it is necessary to carry out a special process for the easy dissociation acid;
3. Gastric pH release is a gradual and relatively stable process.
V. Summary
To solve the problem of diarrhea in pigs, the acidifier is a double-edged sword! This is often overlooked by the formulator. When many problems are still not enough to solve the diarrhea problem, we should re-examine the composition and dosage form of the acidifier. problem. Therefore, the premise of using good acid is to choose the acid according to the structural characteristics of the feed formulation. Combined with the structural characteristics of the formula, the feed acidifier focuses on three aspects: palatability, acidity (or buffering ability to ZnO), and bacteriostasis.
Generally speaking:
1. When the formula contains ZnO, fermented soybean meal, organic calcium, and low protein diet. Focus on the antibacterial effect, it is recommended to choose difficult to dissociate acid acid (such as: mainly lactic acid, benzoic acid, hydrochloric acid) or coated acid. At the same time, it will also solve the problem that many pigs in fattening pigs are limited by diarrhea.
2. In addition to case 1, the powder acid consisting of easy-to-dissociate formula (such as phosphoric acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, etc.) is selected.
3. Simply put, the low-grade material is selected to use disintegrable powder acid; medium and high-grade materials are selected to use difficult-to-dissociate powder acid or coated acid.
As long as the dosage form is selected correctly, in the same protein level diet, whether it is powder or coated with acid, in the appropriate range, it has a positive effect with the increase of the additive amount.
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