1 penoxsulam
Penoxsulam is a conductive herbicide with a wide spectrum of herbicides . It has good control effects on various weeds commonly found in paddy fields, including alfalfa, annual sedge and various broadleaf grasses, and has a long-lasting effect. Up to 30 to 60 days, a single medication can basically control the hazards of all seasons.
At present, the dosage form registered in China is 2.5% dispersible oil suspension agent (Taojie). Penoxsulam is safe for rice and can be used from rice leaf stage to maturity stage, and it is safe for post-crop crops. Some weeds that have developed resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides also have better control effects with this product.
It is absorbed by stems, leaves, shoots and roots, and is transmitted to the meristem through the xylem and phloem to inhibit plant growth and chlorotic growth. After 7 to 14 days, the buds turn red and necrotic, and the plants die within 2 to 4 weeks. The agent is a strong acetolactate synthase inhibitor, and the agent appears to be slow, and it takes a certain time for the weeds to gradually die.
It is suitable for dry land, rice, live fields, and throwing and transplanting fields of rice. The dosage is 15-30 ga.i./hm2. In the dry live field before or after irrigating, the direct seeding field was applied early in the post-emergence; the transplanting cultivation was applied 5-7 days after transplanting.
The application method can be sprayed or mixed with soil. The product is very safe for rice. When it is at a high dose, it has a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of rice roots in the early stage, but it recovers quickly and does not affect the yield. Penoxsulam can be quickly adsorbed by the soil.
It is weakly leached in the soil of most rice fields. Its adsorption capacity in clay soil and soil containing high organic matter is higher than that of light soil and low organic matter content. It has a risk of aggravating phytotoxicity in soils with a pH > 8.0.
The agent is easily migrated in the soil and is not retained for long periods of time. Because the saturated vapor pressure of the agent is low, it is not easy to evade from water; in the paddy field, the half-life of the agent is 2 to 13 days; photolysis and microbial degradation are the main disappearance pathways of penoxsulam.
It can resist hydrolysis in water, but it can disappear rapidly in the shallow water layer by photolysis. The photolysis of the aqueous solution is three ways: sulfonamide bridge cleavage, triazolyl and its substituents are gradually degraded, and sulfonyl photooxidation. This photolysis product can remain for a long time. In paddy soil, anaerobic microbial degradation is an important process for the disappearance of agents, and its disappearance rate is as fast as photolysis.
Precautions:
Penoxsulam has attracted attention due to its low toxicity, high efficiency and safety, and it will be further developed in rice application and become one of the important products.
2 oxazolamide
Oxazolamide is an aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide developed by the Korea Institute of Chemical Technology, which is excellent for controlling most annual grass weeds. Oxazolamide is safe for rice and can effectively control major weeds in paddy fields, such as valerian, ginseng, crabgrass and goosegrass.
It is mainly used for transplanting and directing rice fields for weeding. Low toxicity, environmentally safe, widely miscible, and expected to be used for weeding other crops and lawns, is a promising herbicide.
It is mainly degraded in the soil by both chemical and microbial pathways. At 25 °C, the half-life in soil under normal conditions is 40-60 days. A single dose through the foliar spray, mainly to prevent transplanting and directing the annual grass weeds in the field. It is an ACC enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the synthesis of plant fatty acids.
Precautions:
Within a few days after administration, the sensitive varieties showed leafy greening and inhibited growth. Some varieties showed dryness and even died 2 weeks after application.
3 cyanurate
Cyhalofop is a aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicide. Selective herbicides in paddy fields can only be treated as stems and leaves, pre-emergence treatment is ineffective, and it has certain control effect on young sorghum, and can also control, crabgrass, double-spotted gar, foxtail, goosegrass, and maiden Wait.
Ineffective for sedge weeds and broadleaf weeds. It is efficient for thousands of gold. Cyhalofop is a uniquely safe variety of rice aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicides, and like other varieties, it is also a systemic herbicide.
The absorption from cyhalofoprin to weeds is relatively slow and usually takes 1-3 weeks. The symptoms of weeds after application are as follows: the buds in the four-leaf stage shrink and cause death. The old leaves in the two-leaf stage are extremely small and remain green.
Rice (transplanted and broadcast) has excellent selectivity to rice, and selectivity is based on different metabolic velocities. In rice, cyhalofop-butyl ester can be rapidly degraded into diacids inactive to acetyl-CoA carboxylase. It is therefore highly safe for rice. Because of its rapid degradation in soil and typical paddy fields, it is safe for crops.
Precautions:
The drug is highly toxic to aquatic arthropods and avoids influx into aquaculture sites. It may exhibit antagonism when mixed with some broad-leaved herbicides such as pyrisulfuron, which shows a decrease in the efficacy of cyhalofop.
4 quinclorac
Quinclorac is a selective herbicide for controlling rice sedge, and it is a hormone-type quinoline carboxylic acid herbicide. The symptoms of weed poisoning are similar to those of auxin. It is mainly used for controlling valerian and has a long pot life. Both 1 and 7 leaf stages are effective. Rice is safe. Residues in the soil are mainly through photolysis and degradation of microorganisms in the soil.
Mainly used in rice paddy sedge. It can also control rain long flowers, Tian Jing, cress, ragweed, and saponin. It can be applied in the 1st to 7th leaf stage of 秧田秧è‰, using 13.5～26g of active ingredient in the acre, spraying, draining the water before the medicine, releasing the water back to the field after the medicine, and maintaining the water layer of 3~5 cm. The live Tianji seedlings were applied after 2.5 leaf stage, and the dosage was the same as above.
Precautions:
1 The amount of residue in the soil is large, which is easy to cause phytotoxicity to the sputum, and the sorghum can be used to grow rice, corn, and sorghum. Solanaceae (tobacco, potato, pepper, etc.), Umbelliferae (carrot, celery), Polygonaceae (spinach, beet), Malvaceae, Cucurbitaceae (various melons), Leguminosae, Compositae, Convolvulus The crop is sensitive to the drug.
2 Can be mixed with chlorpyrifos, bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron, propanil, cyhalofop-butyl ester to expand the herbicidal spectrum.
3 In some areas, excessive use of quinclorac is used throughout the year, resulting in cumulative phytotoxicity in the field. If the use of premature, excessive, or water retention over the heart leaf susceptible to phytotoxicity, the typical symptom of quinclorac on phytotoxicity in rice is the emergence of onion seedlings in the seedlings (the heart leaf is rolled up and healed into a tube of onion, with more tips Can be unfolded), the leaf color is more normal; the new leaves cannot be extracted due to the healing of the upper tissue, and the stalk is peeled off, and the new leaf is seen. The heart of the seedlings with severe damage is curled into a tubular erect, and they are usually dead after transplanting to the field; if they can survive, the formed tillers are also deformed, and some even the whole cluster of rice plants die. The seedlings with light phytotoxicity, the base of the stem is swollen, hardened, and brittle, and the heart leaves are narrowed and twisted into deformities, but the tiller seedlings that grow after transplanting to the field still grow normally. The symptoms of phytotoxicity usually appear 10 to 15 days after application.
5 bis-oxalate
Bispyr is a pyrimidine salicylic acid herbicide and is a highly active acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor. It can be quickly absorbed by the stems and leaves of weeds and transmitted to the whole plant to inhibit plants. The meristem grows to kill the weeds. Efficient, broad spectrum, and very low dosage.
It can effectively control weeds and other grass weeds in rice fields, and treat most broad-leaved weeds, some sedge weeds and valerian which are resistant to other herbicides. Such as: valerian, double-spotted gar, rice lychee, horse tang, stalk, stalk, stalk, maiden, northeast sweet grass, wolf grass, sedge, sunshine, sedge, broken sedge, Firefly, Japanese grass, stalk grass, ragweed, rain long flower, wild sage mushroom, Alisma, kohlrabi, cereal grass, cow felt, section vegetables, mozzarella, water bamboo leaves, hollow lotus seeds Most of the weeds commonly found in rice fields such as grass and flower buds. It has special effects on older sedge and double-spotted gar. It can kill valerian in the 1st to 7th leaf stage.
Direct seeding rice fields: can be used after the emergence of live rice, before heading, and in the 3~5 leaf stage of alfalfa, the effect is best. The direct seeding paddy field uses 20% bispyribyl ether wettable powder of 18-24 g per acre, and water 25-30 kg, evenly sprays the weed stems and leaves.
Transplanting fields or throwing fields: Rice transplanting fields or throwing fields should be applied after 15 days of transplanting or throwing, and then applied after the seedlings are returned to avoid premature use, and the resistance of the seedlings is poor, resulting in phytotoxicity. Use 20% bispyribyl ether wettable powder per acre 12~18g, water 25~30kg, evenly spray weed stems and leaves.
Drain the field water before application, expose all the weeds, fill the water 1 to 2 days after application, and keep the water layer of 3 to 5 cm for 4 to 5 days. Can only be used for weeding in paddy fields, do not use it for other crops.
Indica rice varieties have yellowing after spraying this product, which can be recovered in 4 to 5 days without affecting the yield. Valerian 1 to 7 leaf stage can be used, small sorghum, low dose, large valerian, high dose. Adding silicone additives during use can improve the efficacy.
Precautions:
After the application of cyhalofoprin and bispyribofin for two consecutive years, the ursolic acid-resistant valerian also developed resistance to cyhalofop-butyl ester and bis-oxalyl, and the resistant valerian population has compound resistance. In some areas where bis-oxalate has been used, it is necessary to pay attention to this and be cautiously optimistic about field control to avoid poor control.
6 pyrimidinyl ether
Pyrimidinyl ether is a novel oxime ester compound, a broad-spectrum selective post-emergence herbicide. The mechanism of action is similar to sulfonylureas and imidazolium herbicides, all of which are acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors.
It has selective super-efficient post-emergence herbicidal activity against rice, common wheat and Zoysia, and has no pre-emergence herbicidal activity. It is used to control various grasses and broadleaf weeds such as valerian, big stalk, maiden and spicy sorghum. The effect of the plan is outstanding, and it is safe for rice and common wheat.
Precautions:
The herbicide weeding rate is slower and can inhibit weed growth after application, but it must die after 2 weeks. The drug is moderately broad and effective for the 1.5 to 6.5 leaf stage of Valerian. In the 2.5-3.5 leaf stage, 100% control can be achieved at a dose of 10 g/h; a dose increase of 20 g/h in the 3.5-4.5 leaf stage can achieve 100% control.
7 flufluoxyacetic acid
Chlorfluoxetine is a systemic post-emergence herbicide that is quickly absorbed by plants after the drug, causing the response of typical hormone herbicides to sensitive plants. The plants are deformed, distorted, and eventually die. Fluroxypyroxyacetic acid is a pyridinoxyacetic acid herbicide with systemic conduction and a typical hormonal herbicide reaction.
After seedling use, sensitive crops react with typical hormonal herbicides. Applicable to wheat, barley, corn, grapes, orchards, pastures, woodlands, lawns and other places to control broadleaf weeds; such as piglets, coiled stalks, purslane, nightshade, snails, scorpions, scorpions, etc. It is not effective for grass weeds.
The conversion of isooctyl clofibrate to flupiroxyacetic acid is herbicidal, and 288 g/l of isooctyl clofibrate corresponds to 200 g/l of flupiroxyacetic acid. As the area of ​​direct-seeded rice grows larger, flupiroxyacetic acid is slowly applied to direct seed rice to control some broad-leaved weeds, the most common being purslane, duck broad grass, alfalfa and water peanut.
Precautions:
Do not add silicone when clofibrate is weeded, and secondly, use it before the jointing stage of rice four-leaf stage.
8 2 A 4 chlorine
2 A 4 chlorine has damage to the roots of rice. In the past, many places were used before plucking, which is thought to make the seedlings better. It is a selective hormonal herbicide.
Its mode of action is the same as that of 2,4-drop. However, its volatility and speed of action are lower and slower than that of 2,4-d-butyl emulsifiable concentrate, so it is safer to use in 2,4-drip in cold regions. Gramineae plants are very sensitive at the seedling stage, and the resistance is gradually enhanced after the 3~4 leaf stage. The tillering stage is the strongest, and the sensitivity to the differentiation of the young ears is increased. Therefore, it is best to apply at the end of rice tillering.
Suitable for rice, wheat and other dryland crops to control Triloba, Agaricus, Alisma, Wild Citrus and other broadleaf weeds.
Precautions:
2 A 4 chlorine has damage to the roots of rice. In the past, many places were used before plucking, which is thought to make the seedlings better.
9 dipentazone
Pendimethalin is an excellent selective herbicide for dry crops, which can be widely used in weeding of various crop fields such as corn, soybean, peanut, cotton, direct-flying rice, potato, tobacco, and vegetables. Pendimethalin is a selective herbicide with wide applicability.
No soil mixing after spraying can prevent the growth of weed seedlings, annual grass weeds and some broad-leaved weeds such as valerian, crabgrass, foxtail, ginseng, goosegrass, purslane, medlar, medlar, Ramie, Solanum nigrum, broken sedge, and sedge are remarkable. The control effect on grass weeds is better than that of broadleaf weeds, which has poor effect on perennial weeds.
It should be noted that each season crop can only be used once. Pendimethalin is a herbicide for selective pre-emergence and post-emergence dryland soil treatment. Weeds absorb the agent through the sprouting sprouts, and the agent entering the plant binds to tubulin, inhibiting the mitosis of the plant cells, thereby causing weeds to die. Upland rice, rice dry nursed field: use 33% dimethoprim emulsifiable concentrate 150-200 ml per acre, 15-20 kg of water, and spray the topsoil before seeding.
Precautions:
1 Low levels of soil organic matter, sandy soil, low-lying land, low-dose, high soil organic matter content, clay soil, dry climate, low soil water content, etc.
2 Under the condition of insufficient soil moisture or arid climate, it is necessary to mix 3~5 cm after application.
3 It has strong adsorption in the soil and will not be leached into the deep layer of the soil. The rain will not affect the weeding effect after application, and it can improve the weeding effect without re-spraying.
4 The duration of the effect in the soil is 45 to 60 days.
10 pyrazosulfuron
Pyrazosulfuron-methyl is a sulfonylurea herbicide, which is a selective systemic herbicide. It is mainly absorbed by roots, rapidly transfers in weed plants, inhibits growth, and weeds gradually die. Rice can decompose the agent and has little effect on rice growth.
The drug has stable efficacy and high safety, and the effect period is 25 to 35 days. Applicable to rice fields, live fields, transplanted fields. It can control annual and perennial broadleaf weeds and sedge weeds, such as heterosex sedge, water sedge, sedge, ragweed, cress, squash, wild sage, sage, qingping, é³¢intestinal. It is not effective against valerian and thousand gold.
Generally used in the 1 to 3 leaf stage of rice, 15 to 30 grams of 10% wettable powder per acre can be applied to the poisonous soil, or sprayed with water. Keep the water layer for 3 to 5 days after the drug. Transfer the field, use the medicine 3 to 20 days after the insertion, and keep the water for 5 to 7 days after the medicine.
Precautions:
Pyrazosulfuron-methyl is safe for rice, but late rice varieties (ç²³, japonica) are relatively sensitive, and should be avoided in the late bud stage, otherwise it is easy to produce phytotoxicity.
11 bensulfuron-methyl
Bensulfuron is a selective systemic herbicide for rice field. It can effectively control 1-year-old and perennial broad-leaved weeds and sedges, which can be absorbed by weed roots and leaves and transmitted to other parts. For rice safety, the method of use is flexible. Suitable for rice fields to control 1 year old and perennial broadleaf weeds and sedges.
Rice paddy field and live field can be applied after sowing to weeds at 2 leaf stage. Control 1 year old broadleaf weeds and sand grass, use 10% wettable powder 20-30 grams per acre, spray 30 kg of water or 20 kg of mixed tidal soil. Maintain a water layer of 3 to 5 cm during application for 3 to 4 days.
Rice transplanting fields can be used for 3 weeks before and after transplanting, but it is better to apply them 5 to 7 days after transplanting. Use 10% wettable powder 20-30 grams per acre to prevent perennial weeds and remove valerian, the dosage can be increased to 30-50 grams. The water-repellent layer is applied at 5 cm, which can be sprayed with water or mixed with fine soil. The water layer can be kept for 3 to 4 days and naturally dried. Bensulfuron-methyl has a good effect on weeds within the 2-leaf stage, and has a poor effect over 3 leaves.
Precautions:
It is not suitable for alfalfa, and it should not be used in the field of alfalfa. The spray equipment should be rinsed after use. When applying the pesticide, there must be 3 to 5 cm of water in the rice field to distribute the agent evenly. 7 days after application, it will not drain or string water, so as not to reduce the efficacy.
12 pretilachlor
Acetochlor, also known as Swift, is a herbicide for rice fields with high selectivity. It is safe for rice and has a wide spectrum of killing grass. Weed seeds absorb the medicinal agent during germination and the roots are poorly absorbed. It can only be used for pre-emergence soil treatment.
Rice germination is also sensitive to pretilachlor. To ensure early drug safety, pretilachlor is often added to the safener CGA123407. Applicable to rice control of alfalfa, bald oyster, thousand gold, goosegrass, cow felt, narrow leaf diarrhea, water leek, shaped sedge, broken sedge, clove scorpion, ragweed, etc. 1 year old grass undergraduate and broad Leaf weeds.
In the water live field and the use of the field, first well, and then germination sowing. 2 to 4 days after sowing, shallow water layer, 30-115 ml of 30% emulsifiable concentrate per acre, spray evenly on 30 kg of water or 20 kg of mixed tidal soil or spread the whole field, keep it moist, and there is no water in the field. Mainly used to control grass weeds.
The product belongs to 2-acetyl acetanilide herbicide, which is a cell division inhibitor. It can be used for soil treatment to control rice field sedge, sedge, cow felt, ragweed, and narrow leaf diarrhea. Usually used 3 to 5 days before transplanting. This product has a poor selectivity for wet-growing rice when applied alone, and has excellent selectivity for in-line rice when used together with chlorpyrifos.
Precautions:
After the ground is well prepared, it is necessary to sow and use the medicine in time, otherwise the weeds will be unearthed and affect the efficacy. The sowing rice has root buds normal. Avoid buds without roots. In the northern rice area, the application period should be extended appropriately, first test, and then promoted in large areas to avoid phytotoxicity.
More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
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