Now in the Pearl River Delta, the manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Delta region has experienced the same difficult situation. Foshan ceramics manufacturing industry, Zhejiang's footwear industry, and many other companies have moved out, even closed down, once brilliant, the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta manufacturing industry. There is now panic. Why is there panic? Let us first review the advantages that have been made. China's manufacturing industry does occupy a very important position in the world. Since the reform and opening up, the advantages of low labor prices, cheap sale of resources, sacrificing environmental value and reducing taxes, but this will never be a long-term solution. Under this series of advantages and policies, China has only earned one. : The result of manufacturing quantity first. The United States as a developed country and our biggest difference is: its output value is the first, specifically on the issue of building ceramics, we see: the number of China's first, and the output value of Italy first. In addition, Shenzhen watches account for more than 40% of the global market. However, compared with the manufacturing bases of the world's major industrial products, the credibility and influence of its brands in the international market is negligible. In the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta is at the low end of the industrial chain in the international division of labor, that is, the profit model is manufacturing. China is doing manufacturing, sacrificing the environment and resources, and cheap labor; while developed countries are doing branding, design, R&D, sales and big logistics. From the perspective of the entire manufacturing industry, we have paid so much for so many sacrifices. 10% of the output value, while developed countries account for 90%. Modern manufacturing is an interlocking value chain, including brand building, R&D, design, manufacturing, assembly, procurement, inventory, marketing, and transportation. The technical content of each link is different and the value involved is different. Generally speaking, the technical content and added value of brand, R&D and design are higher, and manufacturing is second. The mid-end and high-end links of the brand, R&D, manufacturing and other industrial chains are often not in our hands. The manufacturing and processing returns of the products are low, and the R&D and brand management of the multinational companies are squeezed at both ends, and the added value is small. Transforming the current business model of China's current enterprises is to master the mid-end and high-end links of the brand, R&D, design and manufacturing industries. The Chinese government has seen the essence of this cheap economy and boldly proposed the requirements for economic transformation. However, the gradual introduction of policies by the Chinese government has made the transformation of the manufacturing industry still not done, but there have been major problems: First, the introduction of the new labor law - the human cost has been greatly improved; the introduction of energy conservation and emission reduction; the forthcoming circular economy promotion law -- Raise the requirements for environmental protection and resource utilization, especially for its management and supervision, which will be implemented in the performance appraisal of local governments. At the same time, the world economy is sluggish, the US subprime mortgage crisis, and the Chinese economic downturn Inflation, especially the sharp increase in oil prices, has greatly increased the prices of means of production. This has greatly increased the cost of manufacturing in China, lost its previous market advantage, and lost its competitiveness in China's manufacturing industry. Once the advantage is lost, the crisis is not simply a production crisis, but a crisis of survival. To solve these problems, it is necessary not only for enterprises to raise brand awareness, to increase R&D investment, but also for local government to provide strong support for transformation. Only by improving design capabilities, technology research and development capabilities, and the overall management capability of the industry chain is the way out for enterprises. It must be guided by market demand, driven by technological innovation, accelerate strategic transformation, and strive to improve the technological content and added value of products to the brand advantage. change. Here, it is important to point out that it is necessary for companies to change their business models. At this time, the government is only exerting pressure to force the economic transformation of enterprises, which is obviously not a wise solution. Ceramic sanitary ware enterprise management and efficiency must be grasped in the 1990s. With the advantages of cheap labor and policy support, a large number of manufacturing enterprises have emerged in the coastal areas through labor-intensive operation. With the “rising tide†that has been launched nationwide in recent years, from 2008 to 2012, the increase in employee wages and social insurance and other benefits have increased the employment cost of enterprises by nearly 20%. The rise of labor costs has become an inevitable trend of social development, and the labor cost advantage of Chinese enterprises in international competition is disappearing. Some experts believe that rising wages are inevitable, and rising labor costs are the general trend. The ratio of future wage costs to total corporate costs will further increase. Although enterprises will face pain in the short term, in the medium and long term, the salary increase is beneficial to the development of China's manufacturing industry. The rising labor costs will force enterprises to upgrade their industries and enhance the competitiveness of the entire industry through industry reshuffle. According to the reporter's visit investigation, in ceramic enterprises, the first measures taken by most enterprises to digest the increase in labor costs are to increase the price of products or services, transfer costs to end consumers, or provide high value-added products and services. increase profit. The second measure is to increase the brand value of the product or service. The third is to expand the market and increase sales to dilute costs. The fourth is to save other costs in business operations. In general, when companies digest labor costs, they tend to increase profits and then reduce costs. For the pressure of enterprises to reduce costs by increasing profits, Zhang Youzhuo, a senior consultant and professor of Huaxia Ceramics Expo, said that the price of ceramic products in China is too low, especially in exports. "By countering dumping to foreigners, it is better to raise wages for employees. This traditional road can no longer go on." Zhang Youzhuo believes that to absorb the cost pressure, we must first start from internal management, focus on improving efficiency and reducing consumption. The first step to increase profits must be to manage benefits, optimize organizational structure, optimize production processes, improve corporate management, reduce waste, improve operational efficiency, and improve per-capita efficiency. "Strengthen enterprise management, increase the management scope of each management personnel, reduce management costs, and improve the management efficiency of enterprises. This will help enterprises to improve work efficiency, increase the added value of products, and increase the development of the market." Zhang Youzhuo believes If enterprises want to increase profits from the market, they must dig deep into the market through multiple channels, so that old products can enter new markets, and new products enter the old market. By subdividing the market, they also increase the effective demand of the market. The company's sales and profit points. Wages growth is already the trend of the times. It is a problem that enterprises cannot avoid. In the two sessions just ended, many representatives called for the reduction of tax revenues for micro-enterprises, in order to increase their ability to resist risks and increase their wages. Zhang Youzhuo also believes that tax cuts will greatly reduce the burden on enterprises, so as to avoid the recession caused by excessive liquidity in the framework of tightening monetary policy and preventing inflation, if supplemented by certain incentives to increase employee wages The policy will also generally increase the income of the people and alleviate the polarization between the rich and the poor. However, it should be noted that when the national tax reduction and support policies for micro-small enterprises have not yet been introduced, the pressures of various enterprises to absorb various rising costs still need to be resolved. At a high cost, in fact, the rise in labor costs is not a terrible thing, although it will increase the cost burden of enterprises and squeeze the profits of production and operation of enterprises, but on the other hand, it also has positive On the one hand, it will force companies to improve their labor efficiency, shift to less skilled, more value-added technology and capital-intensive industries, and thus promote the entire industry upgrade and progress. Some experts pointed out that at present, the domestic manufacturing industry is still in a period of transformation and upgrading. It needs to strengthen innovation in technology, research and development, design, etc., reform and optimize management and processes, and increase unit labor output, so as to meet the new economic situation. Gaining a competitive advantage and thus solving the problem of rising costs of enterprises in a deeper level.
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