Early damage and avoidance of the sliding bearing of the initiator (1)

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Early damage and avoidance of the sliding bearing of the initiator (1)

Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2017-10-05
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The sliding bearings used on the launching machine are usually divided into two types: one is a lining type thin-walled bearing; the shaped like a tile is called a bearing bush, and the other is a bushing; also known as a copper bush; the shape is a hollow cylinder. The thin-walled bearing is mainly used to support the crankshaft and connecting rod of the initiator. The bushing is mainly used to support the camshaft journal and the piston pin. This article firstly refers to the bushing thin-wall bearing (bearing).
1. The way of early damage is in the normal operation process; because it gradually wears until the final operation is lost, the service life is completed; this natural damage is difficult to avoid. However, if the installation is not properly adjusted due to the installation of the machine, the quality of the lubricant is not good or The use of harsh conditions and other factors causes the bearing to wear prematurely or present various damages; it is the early damage caused by man-made. Early damage not only greatly reduces the service life of the bearing; it also affects the normal operation of the initiator. The experience of diesel engine repair found that the common methods of early damage of sliding bearings are mechanical damage, bearing cavitation, fatigue pitting, corrosion and so on.
(1) Mechanical damage The mechanical damage of the sliding bearing means that the alloy surface of the bearing bush exhibits a different degree of groove marks; in severe cases, the metal peeling occurs on the touch surface and a large area of ​​messy scratches are present, usually; the touch surface damage and ablation The appearance of the image together. The primary cause of the mechanical damage of the bearing is that the bearing surface is difficult to form the oil film or the oil film is severely damaged.
(2) Under the repeated effect of the bearing cavitation sliding bearing in the cylinder pressure impact load; the external surface layer plastic deformation and cold work hardening; some loss deformation ability; gradually form the pattern and continue to expand; then follow the wear debris drop; The surface layer of the loaded outer layer is formed. Usually, when the bearing bush is cavitation, the pit is firstly formed; then the pit gradually expands and causes cracking at the interface of the alloy layer; the crack expands along the parallel direction of the interface; until the drop stops and slides The primary cause of bearing cavitation is; because the cross-section of the oil-slot and oil hole and other layout elements are suddenly changed, resulting in a fierce imbalance of oil flow; the bubble in the vacuum zone where the oil is lost; then the pressure rises; the bubble collapses and the cavitation occurs. 3. Cavitation often occurs in the high load zone of the bearing; such as the lower bearing of the main bearing of the crankshaft.
(3) fatigue pitting bearing fatigue pitting refers to; because the engine is overloaded; the bearing operation is overheated and the bearing clearance is too large; the formation of the middle of the bearing fatigue damage, fatigue pitting may be tired and fall. This damage is mostly because Overload, bearing clearance is too large; perhaps the lubricant is not clean, the inside is mixed with foreign matter. Therefore, the application should focus on avoiding overloading of the bearing, do not operate at too low or too high speed, adjust the initiator to the idle speed Stable condition, ensure normal bearing clearance; avoid excessive or too low starting machine speed, check and adjust the operation of the cooling system; ensure that the operating temperature of the initiator is suitable.
(4) Bearing alloy corrosion bearing alloy corrosion is usually the area is not pure oil; the chemical impurities (acid oxides, etc.) in the lubricating oil cause the bearing alloy to oxidize to form acidic substances; the bearing alloy is somewhat dropped; Regular fine holes or small pits. The primary cause of corrosion of bearing alloys is improper selection of lubricating oil and poor corrosion resistance of bearing data; perhaps the starting machine is rough and the temperature is too high.
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