According to information released yesterday by the Yangtze River Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, since the beginning of this year, precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has been 40-60% less than in the same period of the previous year. It is the least year in the same period since 1961. The flood control and drought relief situation in the Yangtze River Basin is not optimistic. At present, the spring drought in Jiangxi, Hunan and Hubei areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is severe, and some places have droughts in winter, spring and summer, which seriously affect the safety of spring sowing production and urban and rural water supply.
Although the rain in the past two days has helped to alleviate the drought in some areas to a certain extent, from the weather forecast, in the future, the hot and cold weather is likely to cause further drought in some areas, and the drought in the southern provinces is hard to say. Fundamental change.
Many provinces have experienced drought in 50 years
The drought in Hubei is quite serious, and the local people feel this deeply. Chen, a villager from Maoshishi Village, Yuchuan Town, Wuxue City, Hubei Province, said the first sentence was: "This year's drought is too serious!" According to the introduction, many local fields have been cracked and the crack is enough to insert a The thumb, drought caused cotton and "late season" rice could not be planted, and it is expected that this year's harvest will definitely be affected.
"The father of Hubei's hometown said that he lived for nearly 60 years, and the first time he encountered such a drought." Mr. But from Hubei said to reporters. According to Mr., in April of last year, the early rice in his hometown had already entered the transplanting season, but the drought caused the early rice of this year to still not be transplanted.
Relevant statistics more intuitively reflect the severity of the drought. According to data released by the Hubei Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters Office on the 22nd, in addition to the Shennongjia forest area, there are droughts in 80 counties and cities in 16 other cities and counties. The area of ​​drought-affected farmland is 13.345 million mu, of which 5.72 million are in the field crops. Mu (heavy drought of 1.48 million mu), water shortage of 74.17 million mu, and dry land shortage of 208,000 mu; there are 761,000 and 175,000 large livestock drinking water.
Hunan Province has also suffered from drought tests. Fu Ayi, who lives in Yiyang, Hunan, told reporters that in recent times, the local temperature is much higher than in previous years, and the highest temperature is as high as 34-36 degrees Celsius. Flowing through the Zijiang River (one of the important tributaries of the Yangtze River) around Fu Ayi's home, this year's water level is also much lower than in previous years. "The riverbed has a lot of exposure, and many places can see pebbles."
River “throwing thirst†is a direct manifestation of less rainfall. The data shows that as of mid-May, Hunan has accumulated an average rainfall of 269 mm this year, which is less than 50% less than the average of the same period of the previous year. It is the lowest value in the same period since the founding of New China. Among them, 56 counties (cities, districts) have the lowest rainfall. .
In the case of severely low rainfall, the drought in Hunan Province is not optimistic. According to data from the Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters of Hunan Province, there are currently 87 counties (cities, districts) in the province suffering from drought in different degrees, 820,000 and 150,000 large livestock drinking water is difficult, and some counties have difficulty in drinking water, 94.42 million mu. The farmland is affected by drought. Since the 19th, Yueyang, Yiyang, Changde, Zhangjiajie, Xiangxi, and Huaihua North have started the drought-resistance level III emergency response.
In addition to Hubei and Hunan, many provinces have suffered from drought. According to the National Anti-General Statistics, as of May 18, the country's cultivated land affected by drought area was 98.12 million mu, including 33 million mu of crops, mainly distributed in Hubei, Gansu, Jiangxi, Hunan and other provinces; 4.42 million, 3.18 million The large livestock are mainly distributed in Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan and other provinces due to difficulties in drinking water.
The drought in 50 years has also brought many strange phenomena. The drought has made Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in the country, a record of “shrinkingâ€. According to the remote sensing monitoring of the water surface of Poyang Lake by satellite on May 18, the main body area of ​​Poyang Lake and the surrounding water area is 1326 square kilometers, which is the smallest water surface since the satellite remote sensing monitoring record. The scene of "Honghu Water Waves and Waves", which has been sung, has ceased to exist. Instead, it is the bare bottom of the bare lake. In the area along the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, due to the drought, the water level of Hongze Lake has been falling to near the dead water level. The Ming ancestral burial at the bottom of the lake has exposed the water for the first time in 300 years.
Hot weather or continue to bring the test
What excites the people in the dry areas is that in the past two days, some dry provinces have ushered in “timely rain†of artificial rainfall and natural rainfall. The discharge of the Three Gorges Reservoir has also increased, but in the next few days, sunny or hot weather will be tested again. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
According to the reporter's understanding, from the 21st to the 22nd, there was a significant rainfall process in Hubei, and moderate to heavy rain and local heavy rain occurred in most parts of the province. The rainfall has alleviated the drought in the province to a certain extent. According to the Hubei Provincial Meteorological Observatory, the soil moisture in the area above 20 mm is obviously increased, which basically meets the demand of dryland crops, but the precipitation in the northwestern Hubei, the northern Hubei, and the eastern part of Hubei Only about 10 mm, the drought is only slightly eased.
According to the statistics of Hubei Provincial Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters Office on the 22nd, 13.34 million mu of farmland in 80 counties and urban areas of the province is still affected by drought, but compared with the previous day, the number of farms and farmland in drought-affected counties decreased by 3, 5.361 million. In the mu, the drought in some areas has been alleviated.
At the same time, in order to protect the drought-resistant water and shipping safety in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the National Defense General has decided to increase the discharge of the Three Gorges Reservoir again. From May 20 to 24, the Three Gorges Reservoir will be controlled to discharge at a rate of 10,000 cubic meters per second. From the 25th to the 10th of June, the discharge flow will increase to 11,000 to 12,000 cubic meters per second. According to statistics, from the 20th to the 22nd, the water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir dropped by nearly 1 meter, and the water supply in the middle and lower reaches increased by more than 600 million cubic meters in two days.
Although the hydration effect of the Three Gorges has begun to appear, the long-term backward rural water conservancy construction in China makes it difficult to directly reflect this effect as a drought-resistance. In the interview, many people told reporters that the local rural water conservancy is relatively backward, and the main reason for relieving the drought is to watch the rain. “The reservoir near the hometown said that it was necessary to release water, but the local residents had gone twice without even getting a drop of water.†But the gentleman said.
This round of rainfall will not last too long. China Weather Network expects that the precipitation process starting on the 21st will end around the 24th.
After the end of this round of rain, the sunny weather will test the dry area again. The reporter learned from the China Meteorological Administration on the 23rd that in the next 10 days (May 23 to June 1), there will still be less rain in the meteorological arid areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The total rainfall is generally 10-25 mm, which will be after 24 days. It is mainly based on sunny and hot weather.
The China Weather Network forecast believes that after the 25th, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River will be dominated by sunny and hot weather, which will be detrimental to agricultural production in the dry areas. At the same time, from the 27th to the 29th, some areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River will have sunny or hot weather with a maximum daily temperature of 34-36 °C, which may cause the drought in some areas to continue or further intensify.
At the same time, the situation in some areas of non-heavy areas is not optimistic. Jiangsu, known as the land of fish and rice, is also very serious. Xiao Yang, who lives in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, told reporters: "When "May 1" went home, the 30-meter-deep well in the village could not be used, and the pond that raised crabs was also seriously dehydrated."
The Chongqing Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters expects that most of the city's drought will be heavier this year. There will be 30-35 days of heavy drought in the midsummer period, and the valley area along the Yangtze River will reach more than 35 days. The drought resistance situation is severe.
However, Zheng Fengtian, a professor at the School of Agriculture and Rural Development at Renmin University of China, believes that the drought situation may be alleviated after the Yangtze River Basin has entered the traditional flood season in June-August.
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