Abstract Introduction: Zhou Hongren, executive deputy director of the National Informationization Expert Advisory Committee, said that the new technology is not to throw away the traditional manufacturing industry. The key to changing the birds is to change the birds instead of replacing the cages. "Traditional industries can't be thrown, but you have to change birds...
Zhou Hongren, executive deputy director of the National Informationization Expert Advisory Committee, said that the new technology is not to throw away the traditional manufacturing industry. The key to changing the birds is to change the birds instead of replacing the cages. "Traditional industries can't be thrown, but to replace the birds, the birds have to be replaced, the products have to be updated, and the products have to be updated to update the products. I think this is a way out for Chinese companies." With the introduction of the Chinese version of Industry 4.0 - "Made in China 2025" plan, the roadmap for the development of China's manufacturing industry has gradually become clear. On October 22nd, China Information Technology 100 invited the president of the German National Academy of Science and Engineering, known as the “Godfather of Industry 4.0â€, and many domestic experts and industry insiders to discuss the expected goals, realistic foundations and implementation of China Industry 4.0. Path choice.
German blueprint can be half done in ten years
Whether it is German Industry 4.0 or "Made in China 2025", it is actually a blueprint for the two countries to describe the manufacturing changes in the next decade or two. In Kong Hanning's view, the landing of the German Industry 4.0 blueprint is a long process.
“I think 10-15% will be realized after five years. After ten years, I think this ratio will reach 50% or more, but this is not a journey that can be completed in ten years.â€
Kong Hanning said that in 2011 they officially launched the Industry 4.0 statement, when 50 institutions participated together; in 2013 and this year, respectively, a new report was made, but according to its census in Germany, 60% of small businesses have not yet listened Said Industry 4.0.
"We feel that the whole progress is relatively slow. Last year, the German government raised this level one level higher, that is, we let more departments, enterprises and some trade associations participate, so now the whole level of this work has been upgraded and the scope has been expanded. We hope that it will be more commercially relevant and able to move faster."
Zhou Hongren, consultant of China Information Technology 100-member Association and executive deputy director of the National Informationization Expert Advisory Committee, said that the new round of technology has already brought a deep change to the informationization of enterprises. On this basis, the blueprints of various countries have gradually drawn up. In this process, China must not be left out.
“The document 'Made in China 2025' is a clear description of our development goals and strategic priorities. This document solves the problem of whether or not to cross the river and what kind of river is going on for the manufacturing industry. This goal is clear. of."
However, Zhou Hongren believes that "Made in China 2025" does not answer the question of "how to cross the river." In the specific implementation, he believes that it must be steadily promoted in conjunction with China's national conditions, but it is not urgent, but it is also slow.
He Dongdong, senior vice president of Sany Heavy Industry, said that the biggest confusion for enterprises to practice "Made in China 2025" is the contradiction between limited resources and unlimited tasks. "According to the 4.0 blueprint, we must invest in every dimension. Billions, we have limited resources and it takes a long time."
Changing cages for birds and comparative advantages
One difference between "Made in China 2025" and German Industry 4.0 is that the former is not just an industrial 4.0 plan, but a parallel development strategy plan for industrial 2.0 replenishment, industrial 3.0 popularization and industrial 4.0 demonstration, which inevitably involves An industry replacement problem.
Lu Feng, a professor at the School of Government Administration of Peking University, expressed concern about this. "I think China is discussing new information innovations in policy. It seems to replace old things with new things. When we upgrade the entire economy, our transformation is pinned on some very illusory, no industrial basis. I am worried that all industrial enterprises will be abandoned as if they are backward. The way to say it is that we have not received any proof since the human industrial civilization."
Kong Hanning believes that both China and Germany have to face the fact that new technologies cannot replace everything, especially when the things used now are still very good.
Zhou Hongren said that the new technology is not to throw away the traditional manufacturing industry. The key to changing the birds is to change the birds instead of replacing the cages. "Traditional industries can't be thrown, but to replace the birds, the birds have to be replaced, the products have to be updated, and the products have to be updated to update the products. I think this is a way out for Chinese companies."
Yu Xiaohui, chief engineer of the Institute of Telecommunications Research, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, believes that China should consider its own unique comparative advantage.
"We made a comparison and found that the industrial Internet in the United States and the industrial 4.0 in Germany are all led by the industry. Our IT and CT companies are very strong. I think this may be China's comparative advantage. We can put Internet things are taken over, that is to say, China can be an industrial system plus IT plus CT plus Internet system, put together to build China 4.0, or China's comprehensive advantage of smart manufacturing, China can come out differently from the United States and Germany, Because China has its own advantages and characteristics."
Combine up and down
On the path of implementation, Kong Hanning believes that both the top-down and bottom-up roads must go, and the government and enterprises should clarify their respective responsibilities.
“For the government, the job they need to do is to do the framework well and the infrastructure is good. In some key areas, they should quickly come up with products or come up with their own ideas so that more companies can see them. To the advantage, I can follow suit, so everyone will follow up." Kong Hanning said.
Qu Weizhi, former deputy director of the Ministry of Information Industry and former deputy director of the Office of the State Council’s Informationization Leading Group, said that “the industry’s 4.0 million can’t be rushed to the market, and a large number of enterprises with excess production, like the previous photovoltaics, now the national production capacity is still To continue to digest, we feel that to engage in Industry 4.0 to avoid this, it is recommended that the government should specify the overall goals, paths and entry points."
Zhou Hongren believes that the path of advancement is top-down. "From the perspective of public policy, the government should do or promote industry associations or through industry alliances to do some top-level design, such as large frameworks, legal issues, standards and norms. And there are the interconnection problems that everyone mentioned. These problems can't be done by the company."
The other one is bottom-up. "I think this depends on the enterprise to explore first. In fact, some of our companies are doing very well. It is no worse than the enterprises in developed countries. We can take a step forward and explore boldly. , playing some leading role."
He Dongdong said that he hopes that the government can build infrastructure such as wireless, and also urges Unicom and mobile operators to lower their tariffs. "The second is the software standard that our company can't do, and the establishment of cross-enterprise industry standards. This is a merit. Things can only be done by the state, or the association can promote this."
Regarding the construction of industrial 4.0 for micro-enterprises, He Dongdong believes that it should be based on three paths: one is process-based business transformation. The second is data-based business interconnection. The third is based on user model innovation.
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