In mechanical finishing, if the abrasive (or abrasive) has no relative position with the workpiece at all times, it is in a free state during processing, and the workpiece surface is processed at a certain relative speed and pressure, called free abrasive light. Finishing. The free-grinding finishing process follows the same basic principle: the abrasive particles give a certain working pressure and a certain relative speed according to a certain movement mode, and achieve the purpose of improving the surface quality of the workpiece by pressing, scribing and micro-cutting the surface of the workpiece. .
Based on the basic principles of free-grinding finishing, this paper proposes a soft-base free-grinding method for the smoothing of air-hydraulic shell parts, and designs and manufactures processing tools. As shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 The composition of the abrasive
1. abrasive grain 2. abrasive base 3. mounting handle
The base of the grinding tool is made of soft material, and the fine felt and cotton yarn are used according to different requirements; the mounting handle of the grinding tool is made of bakelite rod, metal wire, etc.; the abrasive grain is selected according to different functions: polishing paste, polishing agent, etc.; The diameter and interference of the machined hole are selected; the diameter d of the abrasive grain is selected according to the processing content and requirements, and the appropriate diameter of the abrasive grain is selected.
In use, the grinding tool is rotated in the hole to be processed by using a drill press, a hand-held power tool, a pneumatic tool or the like. Since the diameter of the soft matrix is ​​larger than the diameter of the hole to be processed, the interference pressure keeps the abrasive grain and the machined surface constant pressure, and the rotation of the base body drives the abrasive grain to maintain a certain relative speed with the machined surface, thereby realizing the abrasive grain on the machined surface. Extrusion, scoring and micro-cutting to achieve grinding and polishing. The main features of finishing with this tool are as follows:
(1) Free abrasive tool processing does not change the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the original hole, and only improves the surface quality of the part.
(2) The grinding tool uses a soft base material, and the diameter of the grinding tool is larger than the diameter of the hole to be processed, so when the deburring process is performed, the abrasive material can completely wrap the intersecting line of the intersecting hole (ie, the edge where the burr is located), and remove The burrs are thorough and the effect is remarkable.
(3) Different abrasive tool mounting handles can realize a wide processing range, especially small holes and deep holes that are difficult to enter by other tools or difficult to observe by the naked eye. For example, hard copper wire or steel wire is used as the mounting handle, which can be Φ2.5～φ3mm, small hole deburring 150~180mm deep.
(4) There are various choices of abrasive grains, and abrasive grains of different materials and diameters can be selected according to different processing requirements, and the abrasive grains are convenient to be replenished and replaced.
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