During the growth of early rice, floods caused by heavy rains are often encountered. After flooding, some pests and diseases are often induced, which cause rapid damage and have a great impact on early rice production. If you lose control, it will cause serious consequences. It deserves our attention and takes timely measures to minimize the loss of pests and diseases.
Prevent rice heart rot. Rice heart rot, a bacterial brown streak disease, is named after the rotten heart after rice disease. In recent years, the occurrence and harm of the disease has been expanding and spreading year by year. The main symptoms. The onset of the disease, mostly in the leaves of the heart of the rice seedlings, first appeared brown small spots in the midrib of the leaves, then expanded up and down into brown or purple-brown streaks, the lesions are close to or equal to the length of the leaves, the edges are clear, when the disease is heavy The seedlings are dead. In the adult stage, the disease occurs at the junction of the leaf and the sheath. The lesion is yellow-brown or water-stained, then extends up and down along the midrib, up to the tip of the leaf, down to the base of the leaf sheath, forming a dark brown stripe, and when it is severe, the whole leaf The dead yellow is dying. The sheath of the leaf is sick, and the lesion becomes irregular, initially yellow, and then becomes dark brown until the base rots. In the onset of flag leaf, water-stained streaks appear on the leaf sheath of the flag leaf, accompanied by early spike phenomenon, the neck of the ear is elongated, the branchlets are light brown, curved deformed, the grain brown is not true, and some rice ears are broken. The leaf sheath emerges, or is wrapped in a leaf sheath to form a "squeaky death", and the stem has a lateral fibrous root. The heart disease leaves before the disease, can not continue to grow and died in the heart, so it is also called "heart rot." After the early rice is infected with heart rot, all the diseased parts are squeezed by milky white to pale yellow turbid liquid, and the diseased tissue has a stench smell, which is the characteristic of this disease. The characteristics of the disease. Rice heart rot is caused by straw or seed, but its epidemic is closely related to rice seedling flooding. The bacteria must spread by water flow or storm, and invade from the affected seedling wound. Therefore, the early rice seedlings that are low in flooding or flooded by heavy rains are extremely susceptible to disease. Symptoms usually begin to appear 3-8 days after being flooded. The longer the flooding time, the more the number of times, the heavier the disease. In addition, high temperature, high humidity and rainy weather are favorable for the disease, and the application of nitrogen fertilizer and long-term green seedlings and dwarf rice varieties are serious. Control method. Comprehensive measures must be taken for the prevention and treatment of heart rot. First, scientific irrigation and drainage, prevent floods, establish a reasonable irrigation and drainage system, prevent flooding of rice fields, drain immediately after flooding, apply lime, grass ash, and control diseases. Expand to promote rice root regeneration. Usually pay attention to irrigation or not, or deep water irrigation. The second is the application of pesticides. 50% Daisen ammonium water 1000 times solution can be used in the field, 20% leaf green double 1000 times liquid plus agricultural streptomycin 4000 times liquid per acre, or 20% thison copper suspension agent 100 ml per acre, or 20 100% thiabend copper suspension agent per acre, spray 50 kg of water, continuous control 2-3 times, interval 7-10 days.
Rice leaf curler. In the middle and late stages of early rice growth, there are often heavy rains in the southern rice area. There are many frontal weathers, and a large number of adults of rice leaf roller, in a place, suddenly fall to the ground with a large amount of air and rainfall, and a large number of sudden increases. Therefore, the prevention and control of rice leaf roller in this period cannot be taken lightly. It is necessary to pay close attention to the weather forecast and timely seize the prevention and control of the disease. From the booting stage to the heading stage, when there are 30-40 rice larvae per larvae, the leaf rolling rate is 5%-7%, or the milk ripening period (grass green late maturing seedlings) has 35-45 per hundred 蔸Head larvae, when the rate of leaf rolling is 3%-5%, timely use of drugs for prevention and treatment. Before the larvae are in the incubation period until the larva 3 years old, use 20% of the 20% chlorfenapyr suspension agent per acre, spray 45-50 kg of water, or use 20% chlorantraniliprole suspension, 10 per acre. ML, 45 kg of water, spray control in the larvae 2-3 years old. Note that the medication should be early, too late, the effect is poor. If the insects are large, you should use 50% more than 50 grams of gram emulsion, 50 kg of water control. In order to ensure the quality of the control, the water layer should be kept about 5 cm deep in the field, and the application should be applied in the morning or evening on a sunny day, paying attention to uniform spraying.
Control rice planthoppers. The planthoppers that harm early rice in the southern rice region are mainly brown planthoppers. It is also a migratory pest. Summer rain is a necessary condition for large occurrences. In the late rice field, there is often a sudden increase in insect population, which is harmful to early rice fields. Adults have strong phototaxis and lay eggs in the sheath. The high-humidity climate is conducive to the breeding hazards of rice planthoppers. Generally, the rainy weather in early summer is conducive to the occurrence of rice planthoppers. Early rice is generally seen in early May. The third and fourth generations are the main damage generations, and the peaks of damage occur from the end of May to the beginning of June, and from the end of June to the beginning of July. When the amount of insects is concentrated and the amount is large, it may cause “wearing through†in the early rice fields. "Phenomenon, causing large areas of early rice to fall and cause production cuts. Therefore, in the middle and late stages of early rice growth, we must pay attention to the weather forecast, master the migration of rice planthoppers and the amount of insects in the field, and timely control the main damage generation (3 generations). Control method. The key to the prevention and control of rice planthoppers is that the time should be early and accurate, and the amount of water should be sufficient (usually 50-60 kg of water per acre). The spray should be uniform and the parts should be accurate. Early rice is recommended to be used in the middle and late stages of the booting. The focus of the drug solution is sprayed on the middle and lower parts of the plant. In the early stage of early rice and mid-season, when the field is dominated by white-backed planthoppers, it can be sprayed with 70% Emerald 2g per acre or 25% thiazide copper at the peak of the younger nymphs. Wet powder 30-40 grams, or Xinhuikang wettable powder 3500-4000 times liquid, acetamiprid WP 1500 times liquid prevention. Or in the period of the young nymphs of rice planthopper, 25 g of pymetrozine wettable powder and 40 g of 24% spirotetral ethyl ester suspension per acre, the spray effect on water is good, especially 24% spiropter B. The ester control of rice planthopper has a long-lasting effect of more than 14 days, which has a significant effect on controlling rice planthoppers.
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