Abstract: This paper introduces the simple diagnosis and precision diagnosis of locomotive rolling bearings, and lists the testing cases. Key words: locomotive rolling bearing fault detection 1 Introduction As a locomotive main components of bearings, especially traction motors, axlebox bearings, its function plays a decisive role in the safe transport, locomotive online operation, once the bearing failure, will lead to the entire column The train can not run, blocking the transport line, especially passenger train failure, the greater the negative impact, and once the locomotive bearing failure, the repair of the locomotive is very difficult, so to prevent and reduce locomotive bearing failure, It is very important for the safe transportation of the locomotive. It can detect the bearing with hidden trouble before loading the bearing, and ensure that the qualified bearing parts get on the train is the focus of this article. 2 bearing failure Bearing damage is often not caused by a single cause, but in several aspects under the combined effect of a vicious circle in the harsh operating conditions, leading to serious bearing damage, so after the accident, often Difficult to judge is due to what causes, also give us the relevant measures to bring some difficulties, for the convenience of discussion, the first few aspects of bearing failure analysis. 2.1 Non-normal bearing wear 2.1.1 When the bearing is used for a period of time, the bearing inner ring, rolling body, cage, outer ring, raceway, etc. have certain defects, scars, resulting in poor lubrication of the bearing, causing the bearing fever, Prolonged heat, can lead to: (1) bearing lubricant dilution. (2) accelerate the material fatigue, hardness decreased. Due to the above reasons, the further formation of a vicious circle, accelerated overheating and bearing burnout. Serious bearing inner ring displacement, rolling out of round, collision heat, the final fusion together. Therefore, online operation, such as the discovery of a serious bearing fever, smoke, do not stop, but should maintain the operation to the front of the station, because at the moment overheating bearing in a molten state, once parked cooling can no longer walk, blocking the main line. 2.1.2 The maintenance of locomotive bearings is very important, in particular, to the right amount of bearings to ensure that the bearing lubrication has a good effect, lack of oil and too much fuel are also likely to cause bearing failure, less oil easily lead to bearings Poor lubrication and heat, add more easily lead to mixing overheating, so oil to the proper maintenance, bearing grease lubrication is also very important, once the grease into the other impurities and moisture, will affect the normal travel Gaps and build the necessary oil film. 2.1.3 bearing the use of time is too long, more than the life of the bearing and likely to cause material fatigue, coupled with the strong impact of the deformation of the material, making the roller, rolling surface peeling, grinding, resulting in poor lubrication And vibration increased. 2.2 The impact of the installation of bearings 2.2.1 bearing inner ring and the shaft with the interference gap does not match, it is likely to cause bearing failure, a large amount of interference, it is likely to cause the bearing inner ring due to excessive tensile stress and cracking, too Surplus is too small, but also very easy to cause the bearing inner ring "flaccid." 2.2.2 bearing assembly with improper clearance, but also easily lead to bearing failure, small clearance is very easy to cause friction roller friction and raceway, with the rising temperature, the bearing inner ring, rolling elements, cage, outer ring , The temperature of the end cap is not the same, there is a temperature difference between each other, so the amount of expansion is also slightly different, resulting in further reduction with the gap, plus the bearing heat. Gap is too large, the vibration of the roller increases, increasing the impact of roller and raceway, but also easily lead to uneven distribution of internal load, reduce the load roller, roller load is too large. 2.2.3 Assembly process does not require the assembly process, with a copper hammer impact bearings, resulting in cage deformation, traction motor bearings installed inside and outside the ring or other causes of axial transverse momentum disappears, resulting in bearing shaft crowded.
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