1. Overview
In the industrial production development, it will bring some environmental pollution. This paper focuses on the hazards caused by the large amount of soot generated in the carbon steel welding process. How to choose the suitable carbon steel welding fume control method, especially in the welding station concentration, robot automatic How to set up smoke and dust capture is the key to dust control when welding has a large amount of smoke, long manual welding time, and there is driving on the road or cantilever crane.
The soot purification described in this paper refers to the “hazardous substances†produced during the production-related process, how to control and control substances (including gases, smoke, dust, etc.) that are harmful to healthy gaseous and particulate states, and improve indoor air. Quality, creating a healthy and comfortable indoor living and working environment for people, will play a key role in the sustainable and healthy development of human society.
2. Occupational health and safety requirements
In welding safety technology and labor health protection work, China's welding, medical and environmental protection workers have done a lot of work, promulgated relevant laws and regulations, formulated corresponding policies and regulations, and supervised implementation in production practice to protect The health of the welding staff.
As early as 1965, the State Council's "Regulations on Strengthening Enterprise Safety Work" clearly stated that welding is a special type of work, and special safety technical training must be carried out. After passing the examination, the operation is permitted.
In 1979, the State Council approved the "Report on Strengthening the Dust and Anti-drug Work of Factory and Mine Enterprises" issued by the State Labor General Administration and the Ministry of Health, stating that "key enterprises should eliminate the harm of electric welding dust, manganese, ozone, nitrogen oxides, arcing, etc. to workers within three years."
In 1988, the national standard GB9448-1988 for Welding and Cutting Safety was promulgated for the first time. It was re-enacted as a mandatory national standard after revision in 1999.
In 1996, the national standard (GB11194-1996) for the sanitary standard of electric welding fume in the air of workshops was promulgated, and the maximum allowable concentration of welding fume was determined to be 6 mg/m3.
In 2002, China's "Occupational Exposure Limits for Harmful Factors in the Workplace" GBZ2-2002 national standard was promulgated, and the exposure limits of various harmful gases and dusts were determined. The time-weighted average allowable concentrations of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide harmful gases generated during welding are 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 and 20 mg/m3, respectively, and the short-term exposure allowable concentrations are 30 mg/ M3, 10 mg/m3 and 30 mg/m3, the maximum allowable concentration for ozone is 0.3 mg/m3, and the maximum allowable concentration for hydrogen fluoride is 2 mg/m3. At the same time, the allowable time-weighted average concentrations of total dust, total aluminum dust and total alumina dust are also specified as 4 mg/m3, 3 mg/m3 and 4 mg/m3, respectively.
The occupational exposure limit is the exposure limit value of occupational harmful factors, and refers to the allowable exposure level of the worker's long-term repeated exposure to the body causing acute or chronic harmful health effects during the occupational activity. Therefore, the environment in which welding is conducted must use various methods to control harmful gases and dust generated during the welding process to meet occupational health and safety requirements.
3. Characteristics of welding fume treatment
Because the indoor air pollution in the workshop is different from the environment in which the atmospheric air pollution is located, the pollution characteristics are different. For the welding dust control, the following points are as follows:
(1) The labor protection method protects the health of workers by providing a dust mask. The protection object of this method is limited to welding workers, and the entire workshop environment cannot be improved.
(2) The local dust removal method is to directly control the high concentration discharge area of ​​welding fume. The partial dust removal device consists of two parts: a soot trapping part and a soot filter part. The local dust removal method can effectively prevent the unorganized airflow from spreading the pollutants in the space and consume less air.
In the industrial production development, it will bring some environmental pollution. This paper focuses on the hazards caused by the large amount of soot generated in the carbon steel welding process. How to choose the suitable carbon steel welding fume control method, especially in the welding station concentration, robot automatic How to set up smoke and dust capture is the key to dust control when welding has a large amount of smoke, long manual welding time, and there is driving on the road or cantilever crane.
The soot purification described in this paper refers to the “hazardous substances†produced during the production-related process, how to control and control substances (including gases, smoke, dust, etc.) that are harmful to healthy gaseous and particulate states, and improve indoor air. Quality, creating a healthy and comfortable indoor living and working environment for people, will play a key role in the sustainable and healthy development of human society.
2. Occupational health and safety requirements
In welding safety technology and labor health protection work, China's welding, medical and environmental protection workers have done a lot of work, promulgated relevant laws and regulations, formulated corresponding policies and regulations, and supervised implementation in production practice to protect The health of the welding staff.
As early as 1965, the State Council's "Regulations on Strengthening Enterprise Safety Work" clearly stated that welding is a special type of work, and special safety technical training must be carried out. After passing the examination, the operation is permitted.
In 1979, the State Council approved the "Report on Strengthening the Dust and Anti-drug Work of Factory and Mine Enterprises" issued by the State Labor General Administration and the Ministry of Health, stating that "key enterprises should eliminate the harm of electric welding dust, manganese, ozone, nitrogen oxides, arcing, etc. to workers within three years."
In 1988, the national standard GB9448-1988 for Welding and Cutting Safety was promulgated for the first time. It was re-enacted as a mandatory national standard after revision in 1999.
In 1996, the national standard (GB11194-1996) for the sanitary standard of electric welding fume in the air of workshops was promulgated, and the maximum allowable concentration of welding fume was determined to be 6 mg/m3.
In 2002, China's "Occupational Exposure Limits for Harmful Factors in the Workplace" GBZ2-2002 national standard was promulgated, and the exposure limits of various harmful gases and dusts were determined. The time-weighted average allowable concentrations of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide harmful gases generated during welding are 15 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3 and 20 mg/m3, respectively, and the short-term exposure allowable concentrations are 30 mg/ M3, 10 mg/m3 and 30 mg/m3, the maximum allowable concentration for ozone is 0.3 mg/m3, and the maximum allowable concentration for hydrogen fluoride is 2 mg/m3. At the same time, the allowable time-weighted average concentrations of total dust, total aluminum dust and total alumina dust are also specified as 4 mg/m3, 3 mg/m3 and 4 mg/m3, respectively.
The occupational exposure limit is the exposure limit value of occupational harmful factors, and refers to the allowable exposure level of the worker's long-term repeated exposure to the body causing acute or chronic harmful health effects during the occupational activity. Therefore, the environment in which welding is conducted must use various methods to control harmful gases and dust generated during the welding process to meet occupational health and safety requirements.
3. Characteristics of welding fume treatment
Because the indoor air pollution in the workshop is different from the environment in which the atmospheric air pollution is located, the pollution characteristics are different. For the welding dust control, the following points are as follows:
(1) The labor protection method protects the health of workers by providing a dust mask. The protection object of this method is limited to welding workers, and the entire workshop environment cannot be improved.
(2) The local dust removal method is to directly control the high concentration discharge area of ​​welding fume. The partial dust removal device consists of two parts: a soot trapping part and a soot filter part. The local dust removal method can effectively prevent the unorganized airflow from spreading the pollutants in the space and consume less air.
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