There are several advantages to broiler feeding pellets compared to the intake of powder. The main benefit is that it can improve the performance of broilers. Broilers fed pellets require less time to feed and digest and have lower maintenance requirements for their body compared to broilers fed powder.
1, the quality of
High quality pellets can be defined as feed pellets that can withstand repeated operations, such as excessive breakage of feed pellets or excessive fine particles during bagging, transport, storage and feed line transport. The particle quality is usually expressed in terms of the Pellet Durability Index (PDI) and can be measured using a tumble can: The particle sample to be tested is first sieved to remove fine powder particles and then tumbled in a tumble can for a certain period of time. The tumbling sample is sieved to remove fine particles, whereby the weight of the intact granules can be obtained.
2, PDI calculation formula is as follows:
PDI = weight of intact granules after tumbling / weight of intact granules before tumbling × 100
Other equipment can also be used to determine the durability of particles, such as Holman particle detectors, wood detectors, and the like.
3 Factors affecting the quality of feed pellets
3.1 Feed formula
Certain feed ingredients are beneficial for improving the quality of the pellets, while others may be disadvantageous. Unfortunately, corn-soybean-type diets are not the ideal diet to achieve optimal particle quality. Because wheat contains high levels of protein (gluten) and hemicellulose compared to corn or corn by-products, diets with wheat grain or wheat by-products (wheat gluten, wheat gluten) will have higher granules after granulation. Durability. Similarly, replacing corn in the diet with oatmeal can also improve the quality of the feed pellets. We can sort the beneficial effects of feed grain on the quality of the feed pellets, from the best to the worst: oats, wheat, barley, corn, sorghum.
We have long known that starch and its gelatinization are the most important factors in achieving optimum levels of feed pellets. However, recent reports indicate that the beneficial effects of protein on the quality of feed pellets are far more important than starch.
Adding oil to the diet can adversely affect the quality of the feed pellets. This is because the oil will surround the feed particles, which will hinder the penetration of steam into the interior of the particles. In addition, the oil will reduce the friction between the ring mold and the feed particles, which will reduce the gelatinization rate of the starch.
Adding binders to the diet [eg water (the simplest binder), lignosulfonates, hemicellulose extracts, gelatin, etc.] and/or surfactants can improve the quality and yield of the feed pellets, and Can reduce energy consumption.
Feed Pellet Quality Factor (FPQF) is a tool that can be used to predict the quality of particles in a feed formulation.
Estimate FPQF for a certain feed formulation: Each feed ingredient has its own Pellet Quality Factor (PQF). The score of PQF is 0-10, of which 0 indicates poor quality of feed pellets and 10 indicates excellent quality of feed pellets. We can estimate the FPQF of the feed by multiplying the PQF value of each feed by its percentage in the formulation. The FPQF value of the feed formulation is equal to the sum of the FPQF of all the raw materials used. In general, a feed formulation with an FPQF value of less than 4.7 indicates poor feed pellet quality, while a feed yield greater than 4.7 indicates good feed quality.
3.2 Particle size of feed ingredients
Although some researchers have questioned this, most people still believe that reducing the particle size of feed ingredients is conducive to improving the pellet quality of the feed. However, we do not recommend excessive smashing to avoid wasting energy and reducing productivity, and this is not conducive to broiler muscle and stomach development. On the other hand, coarse pulverization can reduce the decomposition of feed granules and reduce the degree of gelatinization of starch (high-quality gelatinization is required to produce high-quality feed granules).
3.3 steam quenching and
As the powder passes through the conditioner, it is exposed to high pressure steam. This steam provides the high temperatures and moisture required for starch gelatinization, allowing the particles to stick to each other, the feed to be semi-digested, and killing pathogens in the feed. The steam temperature and the time of the powder in the conditioner have a great influence on the durability of the feed pellets. The feed is tempered at 80 ° C to produce high quality feed pellets. To produce tolerant feed pellets, the powder stays in the tempering cylinder for a minimum of 30 s. Long-term use of the conditioner (feed can stay in the conditioner for 3 min ~ 4 min) can be used to improve the viscosity of feed pellets.
3.4 Ring mold / pressure roller specifications
The pellet feed is produced by pressing a hot powder into a ring mold by a press roll. Thicker ring molds (longer ring mold channels) are advantageous for improving the durability of the feed pellets as this increases the friction time between the feed pellets and the ring mold wall, making the starch gelatinization more complete. Most starch gelatinization occurs when the feed passes through the ring mold. Similar results can be obtained by using a small aperture ring mode. This means that a 60 mm thick ring mold is better than a 50 mm or 40 mm thick ring mold, and a 3 mm ring mold aperture is better than a 5 mm ring mold aperture. However, ring molds that are too thick or too small have a negative impact on particle yield. In addition, increasing the distance between the press roll and the ring die from 0.1 mm to 2 mm improves the durability of the feed pellets.
3.5 Cooling Machine
When leaving the granulator, the feed pellets have a temperature of 70 ° C to 90 ° C and a humidity of 15% to 17%. Feed pellets require moderate cooling (using a steam cooler) to reduce the pellet temperature to about 8 °C above ambient temperature and reduce its humidity to 12%. The type of cooler can be either horizontal or vertical. Rapid cooling causes the surface of the feed pellet to lose more moisture and heat than the interior of the pellet, making the pellet brittle. On the other hand, long-term cooling can make the feed particles too dry, and these particles may have problems of easy wear and poor palatability. □□
Original title: Good quality feed pellets does it make sense (English)
Author: Mahmoud Dr. Farahat (Egypt Zhajiaqike eEt
Han Translated
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