Plastic film spring peanut is an efficient planting mode in production. Peanut ground cover film improves soil physical and chemical properties, promotes crop metabolism, can achieve early sowing of peanuts, can resist low temperature and spring drought, promote peanut growth and development, increase yield, and morning market, improve multiple cropping index and improve peanuts. Quality and a substantial increase in premature birth is a good way to increase peanut production and increase efficiency. Today, we will introduce the cultivation techniques of plastic film peanuts.
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Cultivation techniques of plastic film spring peanut:
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First, choose the soil. Peanut is a drought-tolerant, thin-tolerant oil crop, especially for sandy loam with good permeability and large temperature difference between day and night. Peanuts are fond of sputum, heavy hoeing and hoeing planting. Not only the plant grows short, but also the disease occurs seriously, which seriously affects the yield and quality. Therefore, a reasonable rotation system must be adopted. Suitable crop rotation crops for peanuts are grasses such as corn, wheat, millet and sorghum. It is forbidden to use legume crops as a forehead. The rotation cycle is 3 to 4 years.
Second, choose the best species. Covering the mulch film can increase soil temperature, enhance the ability to protect the mites, and improve fertilizer utilization. Peanut roots are developed, and the absorption and utilization of nutrients is high, so peanut yield is more significant. In order to improve the planting efficiency, the mulching cultivation should choose the varieties of Luhua 11 and Huayu 18 with large yield potential, high yield and strong disease resistance.
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Third, formula fertilization. Peanut is a high-yield oil crop. The demand for fertilizer is large. Because it has nitrogen fixation, the demand for nitrogen fertilizer is not very large, but the demand for phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is large. In order to achieve high yield, the plastic film mulch must ensure sufficient nutrient supply and combine organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer. All the organic fertilizers are applied as a base fertilizer at one time, and the farmer's fertilizer is 5000 kg and the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is 50 kg. Adding calcium fertilizer can effectively prevent rotten fruit disease and "black plaster spot", applying 50 kg of superphosphate phosphate fertilizer per mu. Adding 1 kg of boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer can significantly increase the fruit setting rate and increase the pod fullness.
Fourth, the chemical dressing. Peanut seed peeling prematurely leads to a decrease in seed quality. The seed loses the protection of the outer shell and absorbs undesirable gases and harmful substances in the air, and the activity is greatly reduced. It is better to peel the peanut seeds in half a month before sowing. Place the seeds of the peeled shells in a woven bag and store them in a dry and ventilated place.
3-5 days before planting, choose a newspaper on the mud or cement floor before and after noon in fine weather, and spread the peanut seeds to the top for 3-5 hours. The seeds after drying are sorted and sorted, and the diseased grains, the residual grains, and the germinated grains are sorted out. After that, the use of fungicides and other fungicides for seed dressing can effectively prevent the occurrence of stem rot and root rot.
5. Safe application of herbicides. The peanuts are cultivated by mulching, and the herbicide must be sprayed before the seedlings are planted after seeding. 100-150 ml of cable can be used per acre, or 50-75 ml of acetochlor, 50-60 kg per acre of water, sprayed on the soil surface before the cover film.
When using herbicides, one must have the right pair and the second should be accurate. This will be safe, economical and effective.
6. Sowing at the right time. There are often two misunderstandings in production. One is early sowing, and the filming of peanuts is too early. Because of the unstable temperature in early spring, even the cold or cold wave will bring great threat to the early peanuts. Lightly, it causes the lack of seedlings and ridges, which seriously leads to slanders. The other is to delay the sowing date. Delayed sowing date, the effect of mulching film can not be fully exerted, and the listing period will be postponed accordingly, which will affect the income of the growers.
Seven, suitable density. The density of mulching spring peanuts should not be too small or too large. Smaller ones will affect the yield, and the rate of excessive single plants will decrease, sowing seeds and reducing yield. First, the base is 85-90 cm wide, the top is 50-55 cm wide, and the height is 10-12 cm.
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The cultivation technique of mulch spring peanut is introduced here. The film spring peanut production is usually carried out by a double-row cultivation mode. The line spacing is 30 cm, the plant spacing is 15-18 cm, the mu density is about 10000 points, and two holes per hole. The amount of seed used is 16 kg.
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