Greenhouse vegetables are economic crops with high annual production multiple cropping index, high fertilizer demand, high input and high output. The level of fertilization technology directly affects the yield and quality of vegetables, and also affects the sustainable production of greenhouse vegetables. The main problems in the current greenhouse vegetable fertilization are:
1. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, the application rate of potassium fertilizer is insufficient. At present, the practice of re-application of nitrogen fertilizer is common in greenhouse vegetable production. Some vegetable farmers are obsessed with leaf hypertrophy and dark green, and the growth of plants is strong. The flowering and fruit setting in the later stage are neglected. As a result, the proportion of nutrients in the soil is imbalanced, especially potassium. The relative shortage of calcium and magnesium leads to physiological diseases such as tomato rot and umbilical rot. At the same time, excessive nitrogen fertilizer causes a large accumulation of nitrate in the soil, and the content of soluble salt in the soil increases, which is prone to salt damage.
Second, the accumulation of salt in the greenhouse soil is aggravated, forming salt damage. Due to the high yield of greenhouse vegetable cultivation, the amount of fertilizer is generally larger than that of open field cultivation. Excessive application of chemical fertilizer will dissolve a large amount of salt in the soil, and the semi-enclosed environmental conditions of the greenhouse prevent the leaching of soil moisture. It causes the accumulation of salt in the soil, forming secondary salinization of the soil in the tillage layer, affecting the yield and quality of the vegetables, and reducing the utilization value of the greenhouse facilities.
Third, do not pay attention to the application of calcium, magnesium and trace elements. Vegetables not only absorb a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, but also absorb more calcium, magnesium, etc., and trace elements can not be lacking, otherwise it will affect its growth and development. Due to the lack of understanding of vegetable farmers, the application of medium and trace element fertilizers has been neglected, and some of them have only been supplemented by organic fertilizers. As a result, the medium and trace elements in the soil decrease with the increase of shed age, especially calcium, magnesium and boron. The lack of such as serious, such as soil boron deficiency, can induce a variety of diseases, celery stem cracking, tomato fruit rust stains, cucumber peel longitudinal cracks.
Fourth, the soil organic matter content is low. Most vegetable farmers use less organic fertilizer, and some apply a larger amount, but most of them are not ripe, which will increase the soil salt content. The average organic matter content of greenhouse soil in China is below 3%, and there is still a gap between the appropriate organic matter content of 4%-5% in the greenhouse. The Netherlands and Japan are in a higher level of greenhouse development (the soil organic matter content in greenhouse is generally 6%-7%). The gap is far away. Source: Hebei Farmers Daily
1. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, the application rate of potassium fertilizer is insufficient. At present, the practice of re-application of nitrogen fertilizer is common in greenhouse vegetable production. Some vegetable farmers are obsessed with leaf hypertrophy and dark green, and the growth of plants is strong. The flowering and fruit setting in the later stage are neglected. As a result, the proportion of nutrients in the soil is imbalanced, especially potassium. The relative shortage of calcium and magnesium leads to physiological diseases such as tomato rot and umbilical rot. At the same time, excessive nitrogen fertilizer causes a large accumulation of nitrate in the soil, and the content of soluble salt in the soil increases, which is prone to salt damage.
Second, the accumulation of salt in the greenhouse soil is aggravated, forming salt damage. Due to the high yield of greenhouse vegetable cultivation, the amount of fertilizer is generally larger than that of open field cultivation. Excessive application of chemical fertilizer will dissolve a large amount of salt in the soil, and the semi-enclosed environmental conditions of the greenhouse prevent the leaching of soil moisture. It causes the accumulation of salt in the soil, forming secondary salinization of the soil in the tillage layer, affecting the yield and quality of the vegetables, and reducing the utilization value of the greenhouse facilities.
Third, do not pay attention to the application of calcium, magnesium and trace elements. Vegetables not only absorb a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, but also absorb more calcium, magnesium, etc., and trace elements can not be lacking, otherwise it will affect its growth and development. Due to the lack of understanding of vegetable farmers, the application of medium and trace element fertilizers has been neglected, and some of them have only been supplemented by organic fertilizers. As a result, the medium and trace elements in the soil decrease with the increase of shed age, especially calcium, magnesium and boron. The lack of such as serious, such as soil boron deficiency, can induce a variety of diseases, celery stem cracking, tomato fruit rust stains, cucumber peel longitudinal cracks.
Fourth, the soil organic matter content is low. Most vegetable farmers use less organic fertilizer, and some apply a larger amount, but most of them are not ripe, which will increase the soil salt content. The average organic matter content of greenhouse soil in China is below 3%, and there is still a gap between the appropriate organic matter content of 4%-5% in the greenhouse. The Netherlands and Japan are in a higher level of greenhouse development (the soil organic matter content in greenhouse is generally 6%-7%). The gap is far away. Source: Hebei Farmers Daily
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