1. Fertilize shallow or surface application. Fertilizers are volatile, lost or difficult to reach the roots of crops, which is not conducive to crop absorption, resulting in low fertilizer utilization. Fertilizer should be applied to the seed or plant 16-26 cm below the side.
2. Excessive application of chlorine fertilizer to leaf (stem) vegetables. The compound fertilizer produced by ammonium chloride and potassium chloride is called double-chlorine fertilizer, and contains about 30% chlorine. It is easy to burn seedlings and should be watered in time. Chlorine-free fertilizers cannot be applied to saline-alkali and chlorine-sensitive crops. Excessive application of potassium chloride to leaves (stem) vegetables not only causes the vegetables to be less tender and more fibrous, but also makes the vegetables taste bitter, with poor mouthfeel and low benefits. The urea-based compound fertilizer has high nitrogen content, and the biuret has a slightly high nitrogen content. It is easy to burn the seedlings, and attention should be paid to watering and fertilization depth.
3. Fertilization method. Due to improper application methods, it may cause fat damage, burning seedlings, plant wilting and so on. For example, excessive application of chemical fertilizers or insufficient soil moisture after fertilization may cause the soil solution concentration to be too high, and the roots of the crops may be difficult to absorb water, causing the plants to wilting or even die. In addition, when there is too much ammonium in the soil, the plant will absorb too much ammonia and cause ammonia poisoning.
4. Excessive use of certain nutrients. In this way, not only will the crop be poisoned, but it will also hinder the absorption of other nutrients by the crop and cause deficiency. For example, excessive nitrogen application can cause calcium deficiency; excessive nitrate nitrogen can cause loss of chlorine in molybdenum deficiency; excessive potassium will reduce the effectiveness of calcium, magnesium and boron; excessive phosphorus will reduce the effectiveness of calcium, zinc and boron.
5. Fresh human excrement is directly applied to vegetables. In the process of decay, the unfertilized livestock and poultry manure will produce a large amount of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, which will easily cause the vegetable seeds to suffer from hypoxia and suffocation; and generate a large amount of heat, which may cause vegetable seeds to burn or root rot, which is not conducive to vegetable seeds. Germination grows.
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